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Adhesive chemical called " cyanoacrylate " , first appeared in 1942 , Coover 's research team is to develop a material originally used to clean the gun sight, but this compound has always stuck to all objects , which was abandoned research . But library fees are fancy this feature, introduced in 1958 adhesive sale.
Father of adhesive
The " Father of adhesive ," said Coover on March 26, 2011 in Tennessee , died at 94 years of age. He was a staff of Eastman Kodak Company , but inadvertently invented adhesive , although he is not so rich, but it brought him a lot of commercial success .
" Adhesive " Father Coover
Coover 's prolific research team is sitting on more than 460 patents, including polymers , organic phosphate and coal gasification . U.S. President Barack Obama Coover was awarded the National Innovation and Technology award. Early Coover has hosted TV shows, and more personal demonstration by a small drop of adhesive , hanging himself on the pipe .
What is the purpose adhesive
English : contact adhesive
Adhesive neoprene adhesive is actually known . Neoprene by the emulsion polymerization of chloroprene obtained by :
Cl Cl
nCH2 = CH-C = CH2 (CH2-CH = C-CH2) n
The molecular chain of the polymer of 1,4 - trans - more than 80% , the structure is regular , the polarity of the chain combined with the presence of a chlorine atom , the crystallinity large, between -35 ℃ -32 ℃ Jieneng crystals ( to 0 ℃ is the fastest ) . These features make the chloroprene rubber curing at room temperature, if not also have a high degree of cohesion and good adhesion properties , the adhesive is very suitable for use . Moreover , the presence of chlorine atoms , so that chloroprene rubber mold has excellent flame resistance, ozone and atmospheric aging properties.
Two raw recipe
Adhesive glue , also known as 107 , whose main ingredient is polyvinyl formaldehyde, a colorless and transparent solution , soluble in water . Are widely used in the construction industry , such as for bonding ceramic tiles , wallpaper , wall finishes , but also for shoes lining and shoe paste glue for stationery .
Materials Name Specification mass fraction
Formaldehyde 36% 32
Sodium hydroxide Industry 1.6
PVA 179,980
Water tap 700
Carboxymethyl cellulose Industry 5
4.8 36-37 % hydrochloric acid
Three main components
Ingredients
In the adhesive in the family , there are three most important members : solvents , film, resin . Here's to you a brief introduction of these family members : Solvent
Solvent is a solvent based adhesive indispensable member of the family . Solvents siblings variety, toxicity, smell different, the following is a common solvent human physical performance and price comparison ( see Table I ) :
Table a solvent physical properties and price comparison
Number
Name
Odor
Solubility
Toxicity
⑴
1,2 - dichloroethane
Sweet fragrance
Strength
Highly toxic carcinogen
⑵
Benzene
Aromatic flavor
Strength
Highly toxic carcinogen
⑶
Benzene
Aromatic flavor
Strength
Highly toxic carcinogen
⑷
Hexane
Slight
Weak
Highly toxic
⑸
Dichloromethane
Larger Chongbi
Strength
Low toxicity
⑹
Toluene
Aromatic flavor
Strength
Low toxicity
⑺
Ethyl acetate
Larger Chongbi
Strength
Low toxicity
⑻
Acetone
Larger Chongbi
Strength
Low toxicity
⑼
Butanone
Larger Chongbi
Strength
Low toxicity
⑽
Dimethyl carbonate
Slight
In
Non-toxic
⑾
6 # solvent oil extraction
Slight
Weak
Non-toxic
⑿
120 # solvent gasoline
Slight
Weak
Non-toxic
⒀
Cyclohexane
Slight
Weak
Non-toxic
Some manufacturers use adhesives on the market of highly toxic solvents , such as 1,2 - dichloroethane , mixed benzene , etc., because of its low price, some unscrupulous manufacturers to choose their pursuit of profit , in order to reduce costs, increase market competitive purposes.
Table II toxicity of highly toxic solvents comparison table
Adhesive family members of the other two important - film and resins from domestic origin, but also from abroad lineage :
Film
In chemical technology , China has a big gap with the developed countries . Domestic film darker film than imports , the crystallization speed ( the speed of formation of tack ) and more slowly, so the production of adhesive film with imported color look better, stronger adhesion . Market, many manufacturers use the " payment card" film , called " payment card" is substandard products , defective , cheap. With " pay " brand adhesive film production quality is very unstable .
Resin
With the film , is also imported quality is better than homemade .
Adhesive uneven quality of the family members , there are green , but also toxic high , you may have to keep their eyes open , oh. For your health , the decoration or choose our brothers and sisters in green bars .
Table III film and resin procurement cost comparison table ( Unit: yuan / ton , in March 2010 prices )
SBS Film
Neoprene sheet
Advanced resin
Normal resin
Rosin
Made in China
19800
29200
18000
16500
Two 13500
Import
23000
32000
23800
18000
Premium 14000
The new national standard GB18583-2008 was September 1, 2009 implementation of the
All kinds of highly toxic solvents were clearly limited, especially in the new national standard for the old GB of some harmful substances not restricted also made clear limited provisions ( such as the Schedule ) ,
Table solvent-based adhesives harmful substances limited value ( Unit : g / kg)
Only environmentally friendly adhesives to get by the State Environmental Protection Administration promulgated the " China Environmental Labeling Product Certification ." In order to facilitate the consumers to identify , on the packaging of these products will be printed with " China Environmental Label" , is circular in shape , with green and gold constituted the main part by the middle of the mountains, green water , the sun and the surrounding ten rings , interlocking components , commonly known as the "Green ten ring" sign.
From the price perspective, selection , reliable quality, environmentally friendly products will naturally be higher than ordinary products , but the share of the total cost of renovation is very low , typically less than 0.5%. Can be removed from your worries for a small fee , it is very worthwhile. Hoping through this introduction , consumers can help in the purchase of DPM in the hope that the tragedy would not be repeated , hoping that all people can live in a green living room .
Green logo
4 Process
1, device : enamel or stainless steel reactor
2 , the process: preparation → dissolving polyvinyl formals reaction → → cooling the material.
5 types of market
Benzene chloroprene adhesive
Chloroprene adhesive is a benzene flame retardant used in building decoration industry benzene retardant neoprene adhesive . Its characteristics are : Neoprene rubber compound film , magnesium oxide, zinc oxide , phenolic resins , ZT flame retardant , α- pinene and other chemical substances are mixed by a certain percentage , the mixer produce the product after stirring . This product is compared with the prior art , has the following advantages: ① performance Fortunately -22-25 ℃ circumstances do not freeze , little odor , brushing effort, strong adhesive, drying time, benzene poisoning , and flame retardant ; ② bonding widely applied to various boards , fire boards and metal plates , but also penetrate into the leather , rubber, plastics and other industries. Such glue aging resistance than general purpose adhesive should be good. Such adhesive billion Source Biochemical Engineering Co., Ltd. Jiangmen doing relatively well environmentally friendly adhesive stencilled
Stencilled environmentally friendly adhesive , the optimum weight ratio of : thermoplastic elastomer SBS10%, 10% hydrogenated rosin , petroleum resin 4 % 4% tackifying resin , terpene resin, 6% , 6% to 49% of solvent oil , acetone 5% 15% cyclohexane and 1.0% antioxidant . The preparation method is as follows : a. The quantitative 6 # solvent oil , acetone, cyclohexane blender stir into the mixed solvent ; b. Then quantitatively input mixer SBS thermoplastic elastomer is stirred for about one hour ; c Finally the quantitative hydrogenated rosin , petroleum resin, a tackifier resin , terpene resin, and the solution was stirred Ager mixer inputs ; d. above all materials were dissolved into and continue stirring at room temperature for about 6 hours , check all the materials be completely dissolved into yellow glue . This invention stencilled toxic environmentally friendly adhesive , low viscosity, can spray gun , provincial and greatly improve the efficiency of construction glue -dimensional light spray is representative products . Solvent oil -based quick-drying adhesive benzene poisoning
Solvent drying oil- toxic adhesive benzene and its preparation method , which consists of 56-65 % of solvent oil ,18- 25% of a thermoplastic styrene-butadiene rubber , 4-6 % of the petroleum resin , 4 % to 6% of terpenic resins , 8-15 % of the rosin resin in the mixing tank , the preparation method is based on three successively added at different times in the order of mixing , by dissolving , combination . That is, first the ratio of the amount of solvent oil in a mixing tank and allowed to warm to 5-25 ℃, then add the amount of a thermoplastic styrene-butadiene ratio of 50% , stirred for 1 hour , then add the amount of the thermoplastic styrene ratio 50% , stirred for 2 hours before adding seq ratio of the amount of petroleum resins , terpene dilute resins, rosin resins in the mixing tank is finished stirring 5-8 hours . It is benzene poisoning, halogen hydrocarbon binder , in line with national standards required , not afraid of blisters , acid , alkali, high bonding strength , dries quickly, saving construction work , to do the printing plastic film attached , do variety of footwear with plastic, a reasonable formula , the ratio of science , the production process is simple Contact Adhesive
Contact Adhesive Products related to organic chemical aspects of technology , exactly talking about is a replacement tert-butyl phenol formaldehyde resin adhesive is toxic green products ; thermoplastic styrene-butadiene rubber and other 16 kinds of raw materials into a stirred tank reactor equipment, manufacturing into the adhesive products, packaging products of 4000ml, 0.75ml, 1000ml weight product storage ; the ratio of weight percentage , its physical and chemical parameters are viscosity 445mpa.s, peel strength 4.7N/mm, aluminum - Rubber 24 hours, 24 atm , solid content 50%, pH value ≥ 5.1; positive effects of the present invention is a benzene toxicity adhesive with excellent good quality. Water-based adhesive corrosion
Water-based adhesive is adhesive antiseptic preparation area , characterized in that: the first epoxy resin, butyl cellosolve , OP-10, polyvinyl alcohol solution , followed by mixing sodium silicate , the reaction temperature is controlled at 38-40 ℃; then add polyacrylic acid resin , the reaction temperature is controlled at 50 ℃; subject to the above product was added after cooling to 20-25 ℃ polyamide ; epoxy resin , butyl cellosolve , OP-10, polyvinyl alcohol solution , sodium silicate, sodium polyacrylate , the weight ratio of the polyamide as follows: ( 25-50 ) : ( 2.5-10 ) : ( 5-15 ) : ( 75-150 ) : ( 1.5-3 ) : ( 50-100 ) : ( 25-50 ) . Environmentally friendly building waterproof adhesive
Environmentally friendly building waterproof adhesive strength is a green building waterproof multifunctional glue type , characterized by comprising 5-8 , 2-4 copies of parts of polyvinyl alcohol aliphatic low molecular weight polymer from 0.2 to 0.4 parts of carboxymethyl 0.2 to 0.4 parts of cellulose carboxymethyl cellulose 0.2 - 0.4 parts of urea , 0.1 to 0.3 parts of triphenyl phosphate composition, after heating the condensation reaction of the polymer having a network structure . This non-toxic adhesive . Production without waste , strong bond , has excellent water resistance and permeability, quick-drying , easy construction, inexpen advantages.
The use of new polymer materials, in strict accordance with "interior decoration materials, adhesives harmful substances" , with a special process to produce the third generation of products. Has the following characteristics : glue easy, fast curing , tack a large, solid durable, odor, proper use does not affect human health.
6 Use
1 , construction conditions
Suitable adhesive bonding temperature of 25 ± 5 ℃, humidity of 55-75 % , before using , stir . Adhesive containing a volatile solvent , the construction should keep the air flow, not close to an open flame or heat. Generally speaking, the adhesive in the winter below 5 ℃ , there may be gel phenomenon, affecting the use , when available 30 ℃ -50 ℃ hot water to soak for 20 minutes plastic cans restitution , the same performance , can continue to use .
2, the surface requirement
Adhesive prior to use will be sticky surface for proper disposal is necessary , specifically including degreasing , rust , except water , grinding, keep the surface clean, dry , firm ; degreasing, decontamination available 120 # gasoline , toluene or quick-drying solvent such as ethyl acetate, cleaned and dried, polished general use 0 # # sandpaper or a sanding lightly . Glued plywood , flooring, bamboo or other wood products , was sticky moisture content before the adhesive must request below 8% , if higher than 8% , should be sticky after drying or drying glue .
3 , adhesive
General plastic materials can be painted again . For porous materials , the need to glue 2-3 times, and be sure to glue on again after the complete evaporation of solvent , before the next over the glue , not be too hasty .
In order to prevent residual air layer , brushing should be moving towards the same direction , so conducive to the discharge of air , but be careful scraping speed not too fast . Generally thinner layer , fewer defects , shrinkage smaller , the higher the bonding strength . Layer should be thin not thick layer is too thick, impermeable will produce dry , stick is not strong and blistering and other defects. Therefore, to ensure no shortage of glue under the premise of some layer as thin as possible as well. Layer thickness should be controlled at 0.08-0.15mm appropriate, that glue is 250-350g/m2.
4 , dry home
The purpose is to dry for the solvent to evaporate , increasing the viscosity and promoting the curing . After the glue must evaporate the solvent clean, do not immediately bond to avoid tacky glue or bubbles , resulting in decreased quality of bonding . Open time is generally 5-15 minutes / 25 ℃. Subject glue was dry film ( with a finger touch finger stick ) , immediately aligned bonding ; air time not too long, so as not to lose the viscous layer , affecting the bond strength.
5 , the adhesive pressed
Universal adhesive force, must be spotted when bonding opportunity, once aligned position adhesion , can not move back and forth . After bonding , to take press , hammered or rolled way off the air , dense layer, improve the quality of bonding .
6, the maximum intensity
Although the adhesive in a short time to form a good tack , but to achieve maximum strength takes 3-5 days , so the joints to withstand force , should be placed enough time to re-use.
7 , storage
Adhesive should be stored in a cool, dry place and away from children . Keep out of direct sunlight , the temperature is too high, sealing is not good or exposed for a long time , solvent evaporation will cause the viscosity is too large to construction . Available toluene , ethyl acetate , methyl ethyl ketone or acetone or dilute , to stir for continued use.
8, other
Cat furniture surfaces such as wood or paper , it is recommended to use water-based latex , or the strong solvent adhesive paper grain texture dissolution will fall . Sticky adhesive can be toluene , ethyl acetate , methyl ethyl ketone , acetone and other soluble plastics such as rigid polystyrene foam ( known benzene board ) , etc., then recommended to switch neoprene latex for bonding .
7 removal method
Method is very simple: use of household hair dryer blowing blowing head for a while, after the torn soft and dry cloth dipped in baking soda water + get clean .
How to remove the tape torn off the dirt left behind after
Very easy to handle, to teach you the recipe for it !
1 , with a paper towel moistened with alcohol ( preferably with industrial alcohol , to also make do without medical ) wipe , then rub a few to clean.
2, with acetone. As above. And with less thorough, the best is that it very quickly very easily eliminate these residual gum, better than fine sprinkling so .
Both are above the solvent , but for all methods , the effect is optimal.
3, with nail polish . Usage is the same as with alcohol acetone . Effect is also very good. Nail polish does not require quality, good or general will do, as long as you can wash off all nail polish .
4, using hand cream. First surface of the printed products removed, then put some cream squeeze the top, with the thumb slowly rub , rub will get through sticky adhesive residue are rubbing down . Is a little slower . Cream is oil substances , its nature incompatible with glue . In addition to plastic is to use it this feature.
This first 3 and 4 is a central TV station a column described . Materials easy to find , and very convenient , can remove adhesive residue.
5, with banana water ( ie water that day ) . Is used to remove paint, an industrial agent , it is very easy to buy ( sell paint where there sell ) . Method is also the same with alcohol, acetone .
8 Frequently Asked Questions
Fault
Tacky glue
Rough layer
Loose layer
Layer cracking
Adhesive strength
9 test results
1 Viscosity : ≥ 75s ( Tu 4 cup viscometer , 20 ℃).
2 , free formaldehyde content : ≤ 1.1%.
First, the raw material specifications and formula
Materials Name Specification mass fraction
PVA 179,980
Formaldehyde 36% 32
4.8 36-37 % hydrochloric acid
Sodium hydroxide Industry 1.6
Carboxymethyl cellulose Industry 5
Water tap 700
Second, equipment, process
1, device : enamel or stainless steel reactor
2 , the process: preparation → dissolving polyvinyl formals reaction → → cooling the material.
Third, the operating points
1 , preparation : each with 500 kg in total , according to the formula with some of the water will be the proportion of 10% solution of sodium hydroxide dubbed spare .
2, the solution of polyvinyl alcohol : the rest of the water added to the kettle and heated to 70 ℃, adding polyvinyl alcohol , and carboxymethyl cellulose , heating to about 90 ℃ , heat stirred for 1 hour to complete dissolution .
3, the reduction reaction of formaldehyde : down to 80 ℃ hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde ( in the formaldehyde addition was complete within 30 minutes ) , incubated for 1 hour , adding a 10% sodium hydroxide to adjust PH6-8.
4 , cooling the material : Pour cooled to 50 ℃ drums derived products. To obtain a modified polyvinyl formaldehyde glue , as long as the finished product in the right amount of urea was added with stirring , until all dissolved Serve.
Fourth, the product test results
1 Viscosity : ≥ 75s ( Tu 4 cup viscometer , 20 ℃).
2 , free formaldehyde content : ≤ 1.1%.
These indicators meet the quality requirements of adhesive .
10 Precautions
1 , adhesive bonding temperature optimum 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃, humidity of 55 % -75% , be sure to stir well before using .
2, the adhesive should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated place temperature is too high, the seal is not good , the exposure time is too long or because of solvent evaporation caused by too large construction , first with toluene , ethyl acetate, acetone, dilute ketone or wood , stir well before use.
3, the adhesive is less than -15 ℃ in winter , the gelation may occur , affecting its use, but by heating to 15 ℃ -30 ℃ , the restore the status quo , the same performance , the heating method can be 30 ℃ -50 ℃ hot soak.
Neoprene adhesive composition is generally used as benzene, toluene , xylene as a solvent , a yellow viscous liquid .
